Which entity confirms treaties made by the President?

The entity responsible for confirming treaties made by the President is the Senate. This process is outlined in Article II, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, which grants the President the authority to negotiate treaties. However, for these treaties to be valid and enforceable, they must receive the advice and consent of the Senate, requiring a two-thirds majority vote for approval.

This system of checks and balances ensures that no single branch of government, not even the executive, can unilaterally make important foreign policy decisions without legislative oversight. The inclusion of the Senate in the treaty confirmation process reflects the framers' intent to involve elected representatives in significant decisions that could affect the nation’s relationships and commitments with other countries.

The other entities mentioned do not play a role in the treaty confirmation process. The Supreme Court interprets laws and can rule on disputes involving treaties, but it does not confirm them. The House of Representatives, while influential in various legislative processes, does not participate in treaty confirmation, as that responsibility is specifically assigned to the Senate. The Cabinet members assist the President in administering government functions but do not have a direct role in confirming treaties.